java.lang.Object | |||
↳ | java.text.Format | ||
↳ | java.text.DateFormat | ||
↳ | java.text.SimpleDateFormat |
SimpleDateFormat
is a concrete class for formatting and
parsing dates in a locale-sensitive manner. It allows for formatting
(date -> text), parsing (text -> date), and normalization.
SimpleDateFormat
allows you to start by choosing
any user-defined patterns for date-time formatting. However, you
are encouraged to create a date-time formatter with either
getTimeInstance
, getDateInstance
, or
getDateTimeInstance
in DateFormat
. Each
of these class methods can return a date/time formatter initialized
with a default format pattern. You may modify the format pattern
using the applyPattern
methods as desired.
For more information on using these methods, see
DateFormat
.
Date and time formats are specified by date and time pattern
strings.
Within date and time pattern strings, unquoted letters from
'A'
to 'Z'
and from 'a'
to
'z'
are interpreted as pattern letters representing the
components of a date or time string.
Text can be quoted using single quotes ('
) to avoid
interpretation.
"''"
represents a single quote.
All other characters are not interpreted; they're simply copied into the
output string during formatting or matched against the input string
during parsing.
The following pattern letters are defined (all other characters from
'A'
to 'Z'
and from 'a'
to
'z'
are reserved):
Pattern letters are usually repeated, as their number determines the exact presentation:
Letter Date or Time Component Presentation Examples G
Era designator Text AD
y
Year Year 1996
;96
M
Month in year Month July
;Jul
;07
w
Week in year Number 27
W
Week in month Number 2
D
Day in year Number 189
d
Day in month Number 10
F
Day of week in month Number 2
E
Day in week Text Tuesday
;Tue
a
Am/pm marker Text PM
H
Hour in day (0-23) Number 0
k
Hour in day (1-24) Number 24
K
Hour in am/pm (0-11) Number 0
h
Hour in am/pm (1-12) Number 12
m
Minute in hour Number 30
s
Second in minute Number 55
S
Millisecond Number 978
z
Time zone General time zone Pacific Standard Time
;PST
;GMT-08:00
Z
Time zone RFC 822 time zone -0800
Calendar
is the Gregorian
calendar, the following rules are applied.SimpleDateFormat
must interpret the abbreviated year
relative to some century. It does this by adjusting dates to be
within 80 years before and 20 years after the time the SimpleDateFormat
instance is created. For example, using a pattern of "MM/dd/yy" and a
SimpleDateFormat
instance created on Jan 1, 1997, the string
"01/11/12" would be interpreted as Jan 11, 2012 while the string "05/04/64"
would be interpreted as May 4, 1964.
During parsing, only strings consisting of exactly two digits, as defined by
isDigit(char)
, will be parsed into the default century.
Any other numeric string, such as a one digit string, a three or more digit
string, or a two digit string that isn't all digits (for example, "-1"), is
interpreted literally. So "01/02/3" or "01/02/003" are parsed, using the
same pattern, as Jan 2, 3 AD. Likewise, "01/02/-3" is parsed as Jan 2, 4 BC.
long form
is used. Otherwise, a calendar
specific short or abbreviated form
is used.
GMTOffsetTimeZone:Hours must be between 0 and 23, and Minutes must be between 00 and 59. The format is locale independent and digits must be taken from the Basic Latin block of the Unicode standard.GMT
Sign Hours:
Minutes Sign: one of+ -
Hours: Digit Digit Digit Minutes: Digit Digit Digit: one of0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
For parsing, RFC 822 time zones are also accepted.
RFC822TimeZone: Sign TwoDigitHours Minutes TwoDigitHours: Digit DigitTwoDigitHours must be between 00 and 23. Other definitions are as for general time zones.
For parsing, general time zones are also accepted.
SimpleDateFormat
also supports localized date and time
pattern strings. In these strings, the pattern letters described above
may be replaced with other, locale dependent, pattern letters.
SimpleDateFormat
does not deal with the localization of text
other than the pattern letters; that's up to the client of the class.
Date and Time Pattern Result "yyyy.MM.dd G 'at' HH:mm:ss z"
2001.07.04 AD at 12:08:56 PDT
"EEE, MMM d, ''yy"
Wed, Jul 4, '01
"h:mm a"
12:08 PM
"hh 'o''clock' a, zzzz"
12 o'clock PM, Pacific Daylight Time
"K:mm a, z"
0:08 PM, PDT
"yyyyy.MMMMM.dd GGG hh:mm aaa"
02001.July.04 AD 12:08 PM
"EEE, d MMM yyyy HH:mm:ss Z"
Wed, 4 Jul 2001 12:08:56 -0700
"yyMMddHHmmssZ"
010704120856-0700
"yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSZ"
2001-07-04T12:08:56.235-0700
Date formats are not synchronized. It is recommended to create separate format instances for each thread. If multiple threads access a format concurrently, it must be synchronized externally.
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Inherited Constants | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
From class
java.text.DateFormat
|
[Expand]
Inherited Fields | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
From class
java.text.DateFormat
|
Public Constructors | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Constructs a
SimpleDateFormat using the default pattern and
date format symbols for the default locale. | |||||||||||
Constructs a
SimpleDateFormat using the given pattern and
the default date format symbols for the default locale. | |||||||||||
Constructs a
SimpleDateFormat using the given pattern and
the default date format symbols for the given locale. | |||||||||||
Constructs a
SimpleDateFormat using the given pattern and
date format symbols. |
Public Methods | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Applies the given localized pattern string to this date format.
| |||||||||||
Applies the given pattern string to this date format.
| |||||||||||
Creates a copy of this
SimpleDateFormat . | |||||||||||
Compares the given object with this
SimpleDateFormat for
equality. | |||||||||||
Formats the given
Date into a date/time string and appends
the result to the given StringBuffer . | |||||||||||
Formats an Object producing an
AttributedCharacterIterator . | |||||||||||
Returns the beginning date of the 100-year period 2-digit years are interpreted
as being within.
| |||||||||||
Gets a copy of the date and time format symbols of this date format.
| |||||||||||
Returns the hash code value for this
SimpleDateFormat object. | |||||||||||
Parses text from a string to produce a
Date . | |||||||||||
Sets the 100-year period 2-digit years will be interpreted as being in
to begin on the date the user specifies.
| |||||||||||
Sets the date and time format symbols of this date format.
| |||||||||||
Returns a localized pattern string describing this date format.
| |||||||||||
Returns a pattern string describing this date format.
|
[Expand]
Inherited Methods | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
From class
java.text.DateFormat
| |||||||||||
From class
java.text.Format
| |||||||||||
From class
java.lang.Object
|
Constructs a SimpleDateFormat
using the default pattern and
date format symbols for the default locale.
Note: This constructor may not support all locales.
For full coverage, use the factory methods in the DateFormat
class.
Constructs a SimpleDateFormat
using the given pattern and
the default date format symbols for the default locale.
Note: This constructor may not support all locales.
For full coverage, use the factory methods in the DateFormat
class.
pattern | the pattern describing the date and time format |
---|
NullPointerException | if the given pattern is null |
---|---|
IllegalArgumentException | if the given pattern is invalid |
Constructs a SimpleDateFormat
using the given pattern and
the default date format symbols for the given locale.
Note: This constructor may not support all locales.
For full coverage, use the factory methods in the DateFormat
class.
pattern | the pattern describing the date and time format |
---|---|
locale | the locale whose date format symbols should be used |
NullPointerException | if the given pattern or locale is null |
---|---|
IllegalArgumentException | if the given pattern is invalid |
Constructs a SimpleDateFormat
using the given pattern and
date format symbols.
pattern | the pattern describing the date and time format |
---|---|
formatSymbols | the date format symbols to be used for formatting |
NullPointerException | if the given pattern or formatSymbols is null |
---|---|
IllegalArgumentException | if the given pattern is invalid |
Applies the given localized pattern string to this date format.
pattern | a String to be mapped to the new date and time format pattern for this format |
---|
NullPointerException | if the given pattern is null |
---|---|
IllegalArgumentException | if the given pattern is invalid |
Applies the given pattern string to this date format.
pattern | the new date and time pattern for this date format |
---|
NullPointerException | if the given pattern is null |
---|---|
IllegalArgumentException | if the given pattern is invalid |
Creates a copy of this SimpleDateFormat
. This also
clones the format's date format symbols.
SimpleDateFormat
Compares the given object with this SimpleDateFormat
for
equality.
obj | the reference object with which to compare. |
---|
SimpleDateFormat
Formats the given Date
into a date/time string and appends
the result to the given StringBuffer
.
date | the date-time value to be formatted into a date-time string. |
---|---|
toAppendTo | where the new date-time text is to be appended. |
pos | the formatting position. On input: an alignment field, if desired. On output: the offsets of the alignment field. |
NullPointerException | if the given date is null |
---|
Formats an Object producing an AttributedCharacterIterator
.
You can use the returned AttributedCharacterIterator
to build the resulting String, as well as to determine information
about the resulting String.
Each attribute key of the AttributedCharacterIterator will be of type
DateFormat.Field
, with the corresponding attribute value
being the same as the attribute key.
obj | The object to format |
---|
NullPointerException | if obj is null. |
---|---|
IllegalArgumentException | if the Format cannot format the given object, or if the Format's pattern string is invalid. |
Returns the beginning date of the 100-year period 2-digit years are interpreted as being within.
Gets a copy of the date and time format symbols of this date format.
Returns the hash code value for this SimpleDateFormat
object.
SimpleDateFormat
object.
Parses text from a string to produce a Date
.
The method attempts to parse text starting at the index given by
pos
.
If parsing succeeds, then the index of pos
is updated
to the index after the last character used (parsing does not necessarily
use all characters up to the end of the string), and the parsed
date is returned. The updated pos
can be used to
indicate the starting point for the next call to this method.
If an error occurs, then the index of pos
is not
changed, the error index of pos
is set to the index of
the character where the error occurred, and null is returned.
text | A String , part of which should be parsed. |
---|---|
pos | A ParsePosition object with index and error
index information as described above. |
Date
parsed from the string. In case of
error, returns null.NullPointerException | if text or pos is null.
|
---|
Sets the 100-year period 2-digit years will be interpreted as being in to begin on the date the user specifies.
startDate | During parsing, two digit years will be placed in the range
startDate to startDate + 100 years . |
---|
Sets the date and time format symbols of this date format.
newFormatSymbols | the new date and time format symbols |
---|
NullPointerException | if the given newFormatSymbols is null |
---|
Returns a localized pattern string describing this date format.
Returns a pattern string describing this date format.